In S. Lemière, Misplaced Democracy: Malaysian Politics and People, Chapter 5 SIRD, 2014.
This chapter is a short exploration of the relationship between political parties, and more specifically UMNO, and gangs through the case study of Pekida. The articulation of this relationship is the central concept of this study: we define it as “connivance militancy”.
Download the chapter here: cadmus.eui.eu.